Design techniques for electronic systems areconstantly changing. In industries at the heart of thedigital revolution, this change is especially acute.Functional integration, dramatic increases incomplexity, new standards and protocols, costconstraints, and increased time-to-market pressureshave bolstered both the design challenges and theopportunities to develop modern electronic systems.One trend driving these changes is the increasedintegration of core logic with previously discretefunctions to achieve higher performance and morecompact board designs.
標(biāo)簽: System Xilinx FPGA 151
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-23
上傳用戶:kangqiaoyibie
This application note covers the design considerations of a system using the performance features of the LogiCORE™ IP Advanced eXtensible Interface (AXI) Interconnect core. The design focuses on high system throughput through the AXI Interconnect core with F MAX and area optimizations in certain portions of the design. The design uses five AXI video direct memory access (VDMA) engines to simultaneously move 10 streams (five transmit video streams and five receive video streams), each in 1920 x 1080p format, 60 Hz refresh rate, and up to 32 data bits per pixel. Each VDMA is driven from a video test pattern generator (TPG) with a video timing controller (VTC) block to set up the necessary video timing signals. Data read by each AXI VDMA is sent to a common on-screen display (OSD) core capable of multiplexing or overlaying multiple video streams to a single output video stream. The output of the OSD core drives the DVI video display interface on the board. Performance monitor blocks are added to capture performance data. All 10 video streams moved by the AXI VDMA blocks are buffered through a shared DDR3 SDRAM memory and are controlled by a MicroBlaze™ processor. The reference system is targeted for the Virtex-6 XC6VLX240TFF1156-1 FPGA on the Xilinx® ML605 Rev D evaluation board
標(biāo)簽: XAPP 740 AXI 互聯(lián)
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-23
上傳用戶:shen_dafa
本文論述了狀態(tài)機(jī)的verilog編碼風(fēng)格,以及不同編碼風(fēng)格的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),Steve Golson's 1994 paper, "State Machine Design Techniques for Verilog and VHDL" [1], is agreat paper on state machine design using Verilog, VHDL and Synopsys tools. Steve's paper alsooffers in-depth background concerning the origin of specific state machine types.This paper, "State Machine Coding Styles for Synthesis," details additional insights into statemachine design including coding style approaches and a few additional tricks.
標(biāo)簽: Synthesis Machine Coding Styles
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-12
上傳用戶:sardinescn
歡迎使用 PowerPCB 教程。本教程描述了 PADS-PowerPCB 的絕大部分功能和特點(diǎn),以及使用的各個(gè)過(guò)程,這些功能包括: · 基本操作 · 建立元件(Component) · 建立板子邊框線(Board outline) · 輸入網(wǎng)表(Netlist) · 設(shè)置設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)則(Design Rule) · 元件(Part)的布局(Placement) · 手工和交互的布線 · SPECCTRA全自動(dòng)布線器(Route Engine) · 覆銅(Copper Pour) · 建立分隔/混合平面層(Split/mixed Plane) · Microsoft的目標(biāo)連接與嵌入(OLE)(Object Linking Embedding) · 可選擇的裝配選件(Assembly options) · 設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)則檢查(Design Rule Check) · 反向標(biāo)注(Back Annotation) · 繪圖輸出(Plot Output) 使用本教程后,你可以學(xué)到印制電路板設(shè)計(jì)和制造的許多基本知識(shí)。
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-08
上傳用戶:x18010875091
針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)集成電路(ASIC)功能固定、升級(jí)困難等缺點(diǎn),利用FPGA實(shí)現(xiàn)了擴(kuò)頻通信芯片STEL-2000A的核心功能。使用ISE提供的DDS IP核實(shí)現(xiàn)NCO模塊,在下變頻模塊調(diào)用了硬核乘法器并引入CIC濾波器進(jìn)行低通濾波,給出了DQPSK解調(diào)的原理和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,推導(dǎo)出一種簡(jiǎn)便的引入?仔/4固定相移的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。采用模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)方法使用VHDL語(yǔ)言編寫出源程序,在Virtex-II Pro 開發(fā)板上成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)正確實(shí)現(xiàn)了STEL-2000A的核心功能。 Abstract: To overcome drawbacks of ASIC such as fixed functionality and upgrade difficulty, FPGA was used to realize the core functions of STEL-2000A. This paper used the DDS IP core provided by ISE to realize the NCO module, called hard core multiplier and implemented CIC filter in the down converter, described the principle and implementation detail of the demodulation of DQPSK, and derived a simple method to introduce a fixed phase shift of ?仔/4. The VHDL source code was designed by modularity method , and the complete system was successfully implemented on Virtex-II Pro development board. Test results indicate that this system successfully realize the core function of the STEL-2000A.
標(biāo)簽: STEL 2000 FPGA 擴(kuò)頻通信
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-19
上傳用戶:neu_liyan
【摘要】本文結(jié)合作者多年的印制板設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn),著重印制板的電氣性能,從印制板穩(wěn)定性、可靠性方面,來(lái)討論多層印制板設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求。【關(guān)鍵詞】印制電路板;表面貼裝器件;高密度互連;通孔【Key words】Printed Circuit Board;Surface Mounting Device;High Density Interface;Via一.概述印制板(PCB-Printed Circuit Board)也叫印制電路板、印刷電路板。多層印制板,就是指兩層以上的印制板,它是由幾層絕緣基板上的連接導(dǎo)線和裝配焊接電子元件用的焊盤組成,既具有導(dǎo)通各層線路,又具有相互間絕緣的作用。隨著SMT(表面安裝技術(shù))的不斷發(fā)展,以及新一代SMD(表面安裝器件)的不斷推出,如QFP、QFN、CSP、BGA(特別是MBGA),使電子產(chǎn)品更加智能化、小型化,因而推動(dòng)了PCB工業(yè)技術(shù)的重大改革和進(jìn)步。自1991年IBM公司首先成功開發(fā)出高密度多層板(SLC)以來(lái),各國(guó)各大集團(tuán)也相繼開發(fā)出各種各樣的高密度互連(HDI)微孔板。這些加工技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,促使了PCB的設(shè)計(jì)已逐漸向多層、高密度布線的方向發(fā)展。多層印制板以其設(shè)計(jì)靈活、穩(wěn)定可靠的電氣性能和優(yōu)越的經(jīng)濟(jì)性能,現(xiàn)已廣泛應(yīng)用于電子產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)制造中。下面,作者以多年設(shè)計(jì)印制板的經(jīng)驗(yàn),著重印制板的電氣性能,結(jié)合工藝要求,從印制板穩(wěn)定性、可靠性方面,來(lái)談?wù)劧鄬又瓢逶O(shè)計(jì)的基本要領(lǐng)。
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-08
上傳用戶:zhishenglu
討論、研究高性能覆銅板對(duì)它所用的環(huán)氧樹脂的性能要求,應(yīng)是立足整個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的角度去觀察、分析。特別應(yīng)從HDI多層板發(fā)展對(duì)高性能CCL有哪些主要性能需求上著手研究。HDI多層板有哪些發(fā)展特點(diǎn),它的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)如何——這都是我們所要研究的高性能CCL發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和重點(diǎn)的基本依據(jù)。而HDI多層板的技術(shù)發(fā)展,又是由它的應(yīng)用市場(chǎng)——終端電子產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展所驅(qū)動(dòng)(見圖1)。 圖1 在HDI多層板產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中各類產(chǎn)品對(duì)下游產(chǎn)品的性能需求關(guān)系圖 1.HDI多層板發(fā)展特點(diǎn)對(duì)高性能覆銅板技術(shù)進(jìn)步的影響1.1 HDI多層板的問(wèn)世,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)PCB技術(shù)及其基板材料技術(shù)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)20世紀(jì)90年代初,出現(xiàn)新一代高密度互連(High Density Interconnection,簡(jiǎn)稱為 HDI)印制電路板——積層法多層板(Build—Up Multiplayer printed board,簡(jiǎn)稱為 BUM)的最早開發(fā)成果。它的問(wèn)世是全世界幾十年的印制電路板技術(shù)發(fā)展歷程中的重大事件。積層法多層板即HDI多層板,至今仍是發(fā)展HDI的PCB的最好、最普遍的產(chǎn)品形式。在HDI多層板之上,將最新PCB尖端技術(shù)體現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致。HDI多層板產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)具有三大突出的特征:“微孔、細(xì)線、薄層化”。其中“微孔”是它的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)中核心與靈魂。因此,現(xiàn)又將這類HDI多層板稱作為“微孔板”。HDI多層板已經(jīng)歷了十幾年的發(fā)展歷程,但它在技術(shù)上仍充滿著朝氣蓬勃的活力,在市場(chǎng)上仍有著前程廣闊的空間。
標(biāo)簽: 性能 發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 覆銅板 環(huán)氧樹脂
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-19
上傳用戶:zczc
PCB設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題集錦 問(wèn):PCB圖中各種字符往往容易疊加在一起,或者相距很近,當(dāng)板子布得很密時(shí),情況更加嚴(yán)重。當(dāng)我用Verify Design進(jìn)行檢查時(shí),會(huì)產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤,但這種錯(cuò)誤可以忽略。往往這種錯(cuò)誤很多,有幾百個(gè),將其他更重要的錯(cuò)誤淹沒(méi)了,如何使Verify Design會(huì)略掉這種錯(cuò)誤,或者在眾多的錯(cuò)誤中快速找到重要的錯(cuò)誤。 答:可以在顏色顯示中將文字去掉,不顯示后再檢查;并記錄錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目。但一定要檢查是否真正屬于不需要的文字。 問(wèn): What’s mean of below warning:(6230,8330 L1) Latium Rule not checked: COMPONENT U26 component rule.答:這是有關(guān)制造方面的一個(gè)檢查,您沒(méi)有相關(guān)設(shè)定,所以可以不檢查。 問(wèn): 怎樣導(dǎo)出jop文件?答:應(yīng)該是JOB文件吧?低版本的powerPCB與PADS使用JOB文件。現(xiàn)在只能輸出ASC文件,方法如下STEP:FILE/EXPORT/選擇一個(gè)asc名稱/選擇Select ALL/在Format下選擇合適的版本/在Unit下選Current比較好/點(diǎn)擊OK/完成然后在低版本的powerPCB與PADS產(chǎn)品中Import保存的ASC文件,再保存為JOB文件。 問(wèn): 怎樣導(dǎo)入reu文件?答:在ECO與Design 工具盒中都可以進(jìn)行,分別打開ECO與Design 工具盒,點(diǎn)擊右邊第2個(gè)圖標(biāo)就可以。 問(wèn): 為什么我在pad stacks中再設(shè)一個(gè)via:1(如附件)和默認(rèn)的standardvi(如附件)在布線時(shí)V選擇1,怎么布線時(shí)按add via不能添加進(jìn)去這是怎么回事,因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)要使用兩種不同的過(guò)孔。答:PowerPCB中有多個(gè)VIA時(shí)需要在Design Rule下根據(jù)信號(hào)分別設(shè)置VIA的使用條件,如電源類只能用Standard VIA等等,這樣操作時(shí)就比較方便。詳細(xì)設(shè)置方法在PowerPCB軟件通中有介紹。 問(wèn):為什么我把On-line DRC設(shè)置為prevent..移動(dòng)元時(shí)就會(huì)彈出(圖2),而你們教程中也是這樣設(shè)置怎么不會(huì)呢?答:首先這不是錯(cuò)誤,出現(xiàn)的原因是在數(shù)據(jù)中沒(méi)有BOARD OUTLINE.您可以設(shè)置一個(gè),但是不使用它作為CAM輸出數(shù)據(jù). 問(wèn):我用ctrl+c復(fù)制線時(shí)怎設(shè)置原點(diǎn)進(jìn)行復(fù)制,ctrl+v粘帖時(shí)總是以最下面一點(diǎn)和最左邊那一點(diǎn)為原點(diǎn) 答: 復(fù)制布線時(shí)與上面的MOVE MODE設(shè)置沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系,需要在右鍵菜單中選擇,這在PowerPCB軟件通教程中有專門介紹. 問(wèn):用(圖4)進(jìn)行修改線時(shí)拉起時(shí)怎總是往左邊拉起(圖5),不知有什么辦法可以輕易想拉起左就左,右就右。答: 具體條件不明,請(qǐng)檢查一下您的DESIGN GRID,是否太大了. 問(wèn): 好不容易拉起右邊但是用(圖6)修改線怎么改怎么下面都會(huì)有一條不能和在一起,而你教程里都會(huì)好好的(圖8)答:這可能還是與您的GRID 設(shè)置有關(guān),不過(guò)沒(méi)有問(wèn)題,您可以將不需要的那段線刪除.最重要的是需要找到布線的感覺(jué),每個(gè)軟件都不相同,所以需要多練習(xí)。 問(wèn): 尊敬的老師:您好!這個(gè)圖已經(jīng)畫好了,但我只對(duì)(如圖1)一種的完全間距進(jìn)行檢查,怎么錯(cuò)誤就那么多,不知怎么改進(jìn)。請(qǐng)老師指點(diǎn)。這個(gè)圖在附件中請(qǐng)老師幫看一下,如果還有什么問(wèn)題請(qǐng)指出來(lái),本人在改進(jìn)。謝!!!!!答:請(qǐng)注意您的DRC SETUP窗口下的設(shè)置是錯(cuò)誤的,現(xiàn)在選中的SAME NET是對(duì)相同NET進(jìn)行檢查,應(yīng)該選擇NET TO ALL.而不是SAME NET有關(guān)各項(xiàng)參數(shù)的含義請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀第5部教程. 問(wèn): U101元件已建好,但元件框的拐角處不知是否正確,請(qǐng)幫忙CHECK 答:元件框等可以通過(guò)修改編輯來(lái)完成。問(wèn): U102和U103元件沒(méi)建完全,在自動(dòng)建元件參數(shù)中有幾個(gè)不明白:如:SOIC--》silk screen欄下spacing from pin與outdent from first pin對(duì)應(yīng)U102和U103元件應(yīng)寫什么數(shù)值,還有這兩個(gè)元件SILK怎么自動(dòng)設(shè)置,以及SILK內(nèi)有個(gè)圓圈怎么才能畫得與該元件參數(shù)一致。 答:Spacing from pin指從PIN到SILK的Y方向的距離,outdent from first pin是第一PIN與SILK端點(diǎn)間的距離.請(qǐng)根據(jù)元件資料自己計(jì)算。
標(biāo)簽: PCB 設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題 集錦
上傳時(shí)間: 2014-01-03
上傳用戶:Divine
Accurate measurement of the third order intercept pointfor low distortion IC products such as the LT5514 requirescertain precautions to be observed in the test setup andtesting procedure. The LT5514 linearity performance ishigh enough to push the test equipment and test set-up totheir limits. A method for accurate measurement of thirdorder intermodulation products, IM3, with standard testequipment is outlined below.It is also important to correctly interpret the LT5514specification with respect to ROUT, and the impact ofdemo-board transmission-line termination loss whenevaluating the linearity performance, as explained in theLT5514 Datasheet and in Note 1 of this document.
標(biāo)簽: 5514 LT 三階互調(diào) 精確測(cè)量
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-14
上傳用戶:l254587896
There are many manufacturers of dot matrix LCD modules. However, most of these displaysare similar. They all have on-board controllers and drivers capable of displaying alpha numericsand a wide variety of other symbols (including Japanese "Katakana" characters). The internaloperation of LCD controller devices is determined by signals sent from a central processing unit(in this case, a CoolRunner-II CPLD).
標(biāo)簽: CoolRunner-II XAPP 904 LCD
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-12-17
上傳用戶:haiya2000
蟲蟲下載站版權(quán)所有 京ICP備2021023401號(hào)-1