多功能高集成外圍器件6. 1 多功能高集成外圍器件82371PCI的英文名稱：Peripheral Component Interconnect （外圍部件互聯(lián)PCI總線）；82371是PCI總線組件。ISA是：Industry Standard Architecture（工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系結(jié)構(gòu)）IDE是 （Integrated Device Electronics）集成電路設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)稱PIIX4PIIX4器件（芯片）的特點(diǎn)1、是一種支持Pentium和PentiumII微處理器的部件。2、82371對(duì)ISA橋來說，是一種多功能PCI總線。3、對(duì)可移動(dòng)性和桌面深綠色環(huán)境均提供支持。4、電源管理邏輯。5、被集成化的IDE控制器。6、增強(qiáng)了性能的DMA控制器。 （7）基于兩個(gè)82C59的中斷控制器。（8）基于82C54芯片的定時(shí)器。（9）USB（Universal Serial Bus）通用串行總線。（10）SMBus系統(tǒng)管理總線。（11）實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘（12）順應(yīng)Microsoft Win95所需的功能其芯片的邏輯框圖如圖6-1所示。 PIIX4芯片邏輯框圖6.1.1 概述PIIX4芯片是一個(gè)多功能的PCI器件，圖6-2 是82371在系統(tǒng)中扮演的角色。（續(xù)上圖）1. PCI與EIO之間的橋（PIIX4芯片）橋是不對(duì)程的，是各類不同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總線與PCI總線連接，82371AB橋也可理解為一種總線轉(zhuǎn)換譯碼器和控制器，橋內(nèi)包含復(fù)雜的協(xié)議總線信號(hào)和緩沖器。(1).在PCI系統(tǒng)內(nèi)，當(dāng)PIIX4操作時(shí)，它總是作為系統(tǒng)內(nèi)各種模塊的主控設(shè)備，如USB和DMA控制器、IDE總線和分布式DMA的主控設(shè)備等，而且總是以ISA主控設(shè)備的名義出現(xiàn)。(2). 在向ISA總線或IDE總線進(jìn)行傳送操作的傳送周期期間作為從屬設(shè)備使用，并對(duì)內(nèi)部寄存器譯碼。PIIX4芯片（橋）的配置(1).可以把PIIX4芯片配置成整個(gè)ISA總線，或ISA總線的子集，也可擴(kuò)展成EIO總線。在使用EIO總線時(shí)，可以把未使用的信號(hào)配置成通用的輸入和輸出。(2).PIIX4可直接驅(qū)動(dòng)5個(gè)ISA插槽；(3).能提供字節(jié)-交換邏輯、I/O的恢復(fù)支持、等待狀態(tài)的生成以及SYSCLK的生成。(4).提供X-BUS鍵盤控制器芯片、BIOS芯片、實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘芯片、二級(jí)微程序器等的選擇。2. IDE接口（總線主控設(shè)備的權(quán)利和同步DMA方式）IDE接口為4個(gè)IDE的設(shè)備提供支持，比如IDE接口的硬盤和CD-ROM等。注意：目前硬盤接口有5類：IDE、SCSI、Fibre Channel、IEEE1394和USB等。IDE口幾乎在PC機(jī)最多，因?yàn)楸阋恕CSI多用于服務(wù)器和集群機(jī)。IDE的PIO IDE速率：14MB/s；而總線主控設(shè)備IDE的速率：33MB/s在PIIX4芯片的IDE系統(tǒng)內(nèi)，配有兩個(gè)各次獨(dú)立的IDE信號(hào)通道。3. 具有兼容性的模塊—DMA、定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器、中斷控制器等（1）在PIIX4內(nèi)的兩各82C37 DMA控制器經(jīng)邏輯的組合，產(chǎn)生7個(gè)獨(dú)立的可編程通道。通道[0：3]是通過與8個(gè)二進(jìn)位的硬件連線實(shí)現(xiàn)的。通過以字節(jié)為單位的計(jì)數(shù)進(jìn)行傳送。而通道[5：7]是通過16個(gè)二進(jìn)位的連線實(shí)現(xiàn)的，以字為單位的計(jì)數(shù)進(jìn)行傳送。（2）DMA控制器還能通過PCI總線，處理舊的DMA的兩個(gè)不同的方法提供支持。（3）計(jì)數(shù)/定時(shí)器模塊在功能上與82C54等價(jià)。（4）中斷控制器與ISA兼容，其功能是兩個(gè)82C59的功能之和。
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-19
上傳用戶：3到15
The C500 microcontroller family usually provides only one on-chip synchronous serialchannel (SSC). If a second SSC is required, an emulation of the missing interface mayhelp to avoid an external hardware solution with additional electronic components.The solution presented in this paper and in the attached source files emulates the mostimportant SSC functions by using optimized SW routines with a performance up to 25KBaud in Slave Mode with half duplex transmission and an overhead less than 60% atSAB C513 with 12 MHz. Due to the implementation in C this performance is not the limitof the chip. A pure implementation in assembler will result in a strong reduction of theCPU load and therefore increase the maximum speed of the interface. In addition,microcontrollers like the SAB C505 will speed up the interface by a factor of two becauseof an optimized architecture compared with the SAB C513.Moreover, this solution lays stress on using as few on-chip hardware resources aspossible. A more excessive consumption of those resources will result in a highermaximum speed of the emulated interface.Due to the restricted performance of an 8 bit microcontroller a pin compatible solution isprovided only; the internal register based programming interface is replaced by a set ofsubroutine calls.The attached source files also contain a test shell, which demonstrates how to exchangeinformation between an on-chip HW-SSC and the emulated SW-SSC via 5 external wiresin different operation modes. It is based on the SAB C513 (Siemens 8 bit microcontroller).A table with load measurements is presented to give an indication for the fraction of CPUperformance required by software for emulating the SSC.
標(biāo)簽： synchronous Emulating serial
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-31
上傳用戶：z1191176801
In this document, the term Ô60xÕ is used to denote a 32-bit microprocessor from the PowerPC architecture family that conforms to the bus interface of the PowerPC 601ª, PowerPC 603ª, or PowerPC 604 microprocessors. Note that this does not include the PowerPC 602ª microprocessor which has a multiplexed address/data bus. 60x processors implement the PowerPC architecture as it is speciÞed for 32-bit addressing, which provides 32-bit effective (logical) addresses, integer data types of 8, 16, and 32 bits,and ßoating-point data types of 32 and 64 bits (single-precision and double-precision).1.1 Overview The MPC106 provides an integrated high-bandwidth, high-performance, TTL-compatible interface between a 60x processor, a secondary (L2) cache or additional (up to four total) 60x processors, the PCI bus,and main memory. This section provides a block diagram showing the major functional units of the 106 and describes brießy how those units interact.Figure 1 shows the major functional units within the 106. Note that this is a conceptual block diagram intended to show the basic features rather than an attempt to show how these features are physically implemented on the device.
標(biāo)簽： Bridge Memory Contr MPC
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-08
上傳用戶：18711024007
The μPSD32xx family, from ST, consists of Flash programmable system devices with a 8032 MicrocontrollerCore. Of these, the μPSD3234A and μPSD3254A are notable for having a complete implementationof the USB hardware directly on the chip, complying with the Universal Serial Bus Specification, Revision1.1.This application note describes a demonstration program that has been written for the DK3200 hardwaredemonstration kit (incorporating a μPSD3234A device). It gives the user an idea of how simple it is to workwith the device, using the HID class as a ready-made device driver for the USB connection.IN-APPLICATION-PROGRAMMING (IAP) AND IN-SYSTEM-PROGRAMMING (ISP)Since the μPSD contains two independent Flash memory arrays, the Micro Controller Unit (MCU) can executecode from one memory while erasing and programming the other. Product firmware updates in thefield can be reliably performed over any communication channel (such as CAN, Ethernet, UART, J1850)using this unique architecture. For In-Application-Programming (IAP), all code is updated through theMCU. The main advantage for the user is that the firmware can be updated remotely. The target applicationruns and takes care on its own program code and data memory.IAP is not the only method to program the firmware in μPSD devices. They can also be programmed usingIn-System-Programming (ISP). A IEEE1149.1-compliant JTAG interface is included on the μPSD. Withthis, the entire device can be rapidly programmed while soldered to the circuit board (Main Flash memory,Secondary Boot Flash memory, the PLD, and all configuration areas). This requires no MCU participation.The MCU is completely bypassed. So, the μPSD can be programmed or reprogrammed any time, anywhere, even when completely uncommitted.Both methods take place with the device in its normal hardware environment, soldered to a printed circuitboard. The IAP method cannot be used without previous use of ISP, because IAP utilizes a small amountof resident code to receive the service commands, and to perform the desired operations.
標(biāo)簽： Demonstration 3200 USB for
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-02-27
上傳用戶：zhangzhenyu
The XA-S3 is a member of Philips Semiconductors’ XA (eXtended Architecture) family of high performance 16-bit single-chip Microcontrollers. The XA-S3 combines many powerful peripherals on one chip. Therefore, it is suited for general multipurpose high performance embedded control functions.One of the on-chip peripherals is the I2C bus interface. This report describes worked-out driver software (written in C) to program / use the I2C interface of the XA-S3. The driver software, together with a demo program and interface software routines offer the user a quick start in writing a complete I2C - XAS3 system application.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-10
上傳用戶：liaofamous
計(jì)算機(jī)部件要具有通用性，適應(yīng)不同系統(tǒng)與不同用戶的需求，設(shè)計(jì)必須模塊化。計(jì)算機(jī)部件產(chǎn)品(模塊)供應(yīng)出現(xiàn)多元化。模塊之間的聯(lián)接關(guān)系要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使模塊具有通用性。模塊設(shè)計(jì)必須基于一種大多數(shù)廠商認(rèn)可的模塊聯(lián)接關(guān)系，即一種總線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。總線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總線是一類信號(hào)線的集合是模塊間傳輸信息的公共通道，通過它，計(jì)算機(jī)各部件間可進(jìn)行各種數(shù)據(jù)和命令的傳送。為使不同供應(yīng)商的產(chǎn)品間能夠互換，給用戶更多的選擇，總線的技術(shù)規(guī)范要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。總線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定要經(jīng)周密考慮，要有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定。總線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（技術(shù)規(guī)范）包括以下幾部分：機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)范：模塊尺寸、總線插頭、總線接插件以及按裝尺寸均有統(tǒng)一規(guī)定。功能規(guī)范：總線每條信號(hào)線（引腳的名稱）、功能以及工作過程要有統(tǒng)一規(guī)定。電氣規(guī)范：總線每條信號(hào)線的有效電平、動(dòng)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間、負(fù)載能力等。總線的發(fā)展情況S-100總線：產(chǎn)生于1975年，第一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化總線，為微計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)發(fā)展起到了推動(dòng)作用。IBM-PC個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)采用總線結(jié)構(gòu)（Industry Standard Architecture, ISA)并成為工業(yè)化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。先后出現(xiàn)8位ISA總線、16位ISA總線以及后來兼容廠商推出的EISA（Extended ISA)32位ISA總線。為了適應(yīng)微處理器性能的提高及I/O模塊更高吞吐率的要求，出現(xiàn)了VL-Bus(VESA Local Bus)和PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect,PCI）總線。適合小型化要求的PCMCIA(Personal Computer Memory Card International Association)總線，用于筆記本計(jì)算機(jī)的功能擴(kuò)展。總線的指標(biāo)計(jì)算機(jī)主機(jī)性能迅速提高,各功能模塊性能也要相應(yīng)提高,這對(duì)總線性能提出更高的要求。總線主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)有幾方面：總線寬度：一次操作可以傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)位數(shù)，如S100為8位，ISA為16位，EISA為32位，PCI-2可達(dá)64位。總線寬度不會(huì)超過微處理器外部數(shù)據(jù)總線的寬度。總數(shù)工作頻率：總線信號(hào)中有一個(gè)CLK時(shí)鐘，CLK越高每秒鐘傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)量越大。ISA、EISA為8MHz，PCI為33.3MHz, PCI-2可達(dá)達(dá)66.6MHz。單個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸周期：不同的傳輸方式，每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸所用CLK周期數(shù)不同。ISA要2個(gè)，PCI用1個(gè)CLK周期。這決定總線最高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸率。5. 總線的分類與層次系統(tǒng)總線：是微處理器芯片對(duì)外引線信號(hào)的延伸或映射，是微處理器與片外存儲(chǔ)器及I/0接口傳輸信息的通路。系統(tǒng)總線信號(hào)按功能可分為三類：地址總線（Where）：指出數(shù)據(jù)的來源與去向。地址總線的位數(shù)決定了存儲(chǔ)空間的大小。系統(tǒng)總線：數(shù)據(jù)總線（What）提供模塊間傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的路徑，數(shù)據(jù)總線的位數(shù)決定微處理器結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜度及總體性能。控制總線（When）：提供系統(tǒng)操作所必需的控制信號(hào)，對(duì)操作過程進(jìn)行控制與定時(shí)。擴(kuò)充總線：亦稱設(shè)備總線，用于系統(tǒng)I/O擴(kuò)充。與系統(tǒng)總線工作頻率不同，經(jīng)接口電路對(duì)系統(tǒng)總統(tǒng)信號(hào)緩沖、變換、隔離，進(jìn)行不同層次的操作（ISA、EISA、MCA)局部總線：擴(kuò)充總線不能滿足高性能設(shè)備（圖形、視頻、網(wǎng)絡(luò)）接口的要求，在系統(tǒng)總線與擴(kuò)充總線之間插入一層總線。由于它經(jīng)橋接器與系統(tǒng)總線直接相連，因此稱之為局部總線（PCI）。
標(biāo)簽： 微型計(jì)算機(jī) 總線
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-09
上傳用戶：nshark
基于單片機(jī)的汽車多功能報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)The Design of Automobile Multi-function AlarmingBased on Single Chip Computer劉法治趙明富寧睡達(dá)(河 南 科 技 學(xué) 院 ，新 鄉(xiāng) 453 00 3)摘要介紹了一種基于單片機(jī)控制的汽車多功能報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，它能對(duì)汽車的潤滑系統(tǒng)油壓、制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)氣壓、冷卻系統(tǒng)溫度、輪胎欠壓及防盜進(jìn)行自動(dòng)檢測(cè)，并在發(fā)現(xiàn)異常情況時(shí)，發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警。闡述了該報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的硬件組成及軟件設(shè)計(jì)方法。關(guān)鍵詞單片機(jī)傳感器數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換報(bào)警Abstract Am ulti-fimctiona utomobilea larnungs ystemb asedo ns inglec hipc omputerco ntorlis in torducedin th isp aper.Th eo ilpr essuero flu bricatesystem, air pressure of braking system, temperature of cooling system, under pressure of tyre and guard against theft， detected automaticaly場(chǎng)thesystem. Audio and visual alarms wil be provided under abnormal conditions廠The hardware composition and software design of the system， described.Keywords Singlec hipc omputer Sensor Digital-t-oanaloguec onversion Alarmin 汽車多功能報(bào)苦器硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)根據(jù) 系 統(tǒng) 實(shí)際需要和產(chǎn)品性價(jià)比，選用ATMEL公司新生產(chǎn)的采用CMOs工藝的低功耗、高性能8位單片機(jī)AT89S52作為系統(tǒng)的控制器。AT89S52的片內(nèi)有8k Bytes LSP Flash閃爍存儲(chǔ)器，可進(jìn)行100(〕次寫、擦除操作;256Bytes內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器(RAM);3 2 根可編程輸N輸出線;2個(gè)可編程全雙工串行通道;看門狗(WTD)電路等。系統(tǒng)由傳感器、單片機(jī)、模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器、無線信號(hào)發(fā)射電路、指示燈驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、聲光報(bào)警驅(qū)動(dòng)電KD一9563，發(fā)出三聲二閃光。并觸發(fā)一個(gè)高電平，驅(qū)動(dòng)無線信號(hào)發(fā)射電路。
標(biāo)簽： 單片機(jī) 汽車 多功能 報(bào)警
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-09
上傳用戶：gxmm
中文版詳情瀏覽：http://www.elecfans.com/emb/fpga/20130715324029.html Xilinx UltraScale:The Next-Generation Architecture for Your Next-Generation Architecture The Xilinx® UltraScale™ architecture delivers unprecedented levels of integration and capability with ASIC-class system- level performance for the most demanding applications. The UltraScale architecture is the industr y's f irst application of leading-edge ASIC architectural enhancements in an All Programmable architecture that scales from 20 nm planar through 16 nm FinFET technologies and beyond, in addition to scaling from monolithic through 3D ICs. Through analytical co-optimization with the X ilinx V ivado® Design Suite, the UltraScale architecture provides massive routing capacity while intelligently resolving typical bottlenecks in ways never before possible. This design synergy achieves greater than 90% utilization with no performance degradation. Some of the UltraScale architecture breakthroughs include: • Strategic placement (virtually anywhere on the die) of ASIC-like system clocks, reducing clock skew by up to 50% • Latency-producing pipelining is virtually unnecessary in systems with massively parallel bus architecture, increasing system speed and capability • Potential timing-closure problems and interconnect bottlenecks are eliminated, even in systems requiring 90% or more resource utilization • 3D IC integration makes it possible to build larger devices one process generation ahead of the current industr y standard • Greatly increased system performance, including multi-gigabit serial transceivers, I/O, and memor y bandwidth is available within even smaller system power budgets • Greatly enhanced DSP and packet handling The Xilinx UltraScale architecture opens up whole new dimensions for designers of ultra-high-capacity solutions.
標(biāo)簽： UltraScale Xilinx 架構(gòu)
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-13
上傳用戶：瓦力瓦力hong
Xilinx Next Generation 28 nm FPGA Technology Overview Xilinx has chosen 28 nm high-κ metal gate (HKMG) highperformance,low-power process technology and combined it with a new unified ASMBL™ architecture to create a new generation of FPGAs that offer lower power and higher performance. These devices enable unprecedented levels of integration and bandwidth and provide system architects and designers a fully programmable alternative to ASSPs and ASICs.
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-12-28
上傳用戶：zhang97080564
WP369可擴(kuò)展式處理平臺(tái)-各種嵌入式系統(tǒng)的理想解決方案 ：Delivering unrivaled levels of system performance,flexibility, scalability, and integration to developers,Xilinx's architecture for a new Extensible Processing Platform is optimized for system power, cost, and size. Based on ARM's dual-core Cortex™-A9 MPCore processors and Xilinx’s 28 nm programmable logic,the Extensible Processing Platform takes a processor-centric approach by defining a comprehensive processor system implemented with standard design methods. This approach provides Software Developers a familiar programming environment within an optimized, full featured,powerful, yet low-cost, low-power processing platform.
標(biāo)簽： 369 WP 擴(kuò)展式 處理平臺(tái)
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-22
上傳用戶：685
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