ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequencyat which the reconstructed output fundamental drops3 dB below its low frequency value for a full scale input. Thetest is performed with fIN equal to 100 kHz plus integer multiplesof fCLK. The input frequency at which the output is −3dB relative to the low frequency input signal is the full powerbandwidth.APERTURE JITTER is the variation in aperture delay fromsample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise.APERTURE DELAY See Sampling Delay.BOTTOM OFFSET is the difference between the input voltagethat just causes the output code to transition to the firstcode and the negative reference voltage. Bottom Offset isdefined as EOB = VZT–VRB, where VZT is the first code transitioninput voltage and VRB is the lower reference voltage.Note that this is different from the normal Zero Scale Error.CONVERSION LATENCY See PIPELINE DELAY.CONVERSION TIME is the time required for a completemeasurement by an analog-to-digital converter. Since theConversion Time does not include acquisition time, multiplexerset up time, or other elements of a complete conversioncycle, the conversion time may be less than theThroughput Time.DC COMMON-MODE ERROR is a specification which appliesto ADCs with differential inputs. It is the change in theoutput code that occurs when the analog voltages on the twoinputs are changed by an equal amount. It is usually expressed in LSBs.
標(biāo)簽： Converter Defi ADC 轉(zhuǎn)換器
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-12
上傳用戶：pans0ul
數(shù)字與模擬電路設(shè)計(jì)技巧IC與LSI的功能大幅提升使得高壓電路與電力電路除外，幾乎所有的電路都是由半導(dǎo)體組件所構(gòu)成，雖然半導(dǎo)體組件高速、高頻化時(shí)會(huì)有EMI的困擾，不過(guò)為了充分發(fā)揮半導(dǎo)體組件應(yīng)有的性能，電路板設(shè)計(jì)與封裝技術(shù)仍具有決定性的影響。 模擬與數(shù)字技術(shù)的融合由于IC與LSI半導(dǎo)體本身的高速化，同時(shí)為了使機(jī)器達(dá)到正常動(dòng)作的目的，因此技術(shù)上的跨越競(jìng)爭(zhēng)越來(lái)越激烈。雖然構(gòu)成系統(tǒng)的電路未必有clock設(shè)計(jì)，但是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的是系統(tǒng)的可靠度是建立在電子組件的選用、封裝技術(shù)、電路設(shè)計(jì)與成本，以及如何防止噪訊的產(chǎn)生與噪訊外漏等綜合考慮。機(jī)器小型化、高速化、多功能化使得低頻/高頻、大功率信號(hào)/小功率信號(hào)、高輸出阻抗/低輸出阻抗、大電流/小電流、模擬/數(shù)字電路，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)高封裝密度電路板，設(shè)計(jì)者身處如此的環(huán)境必需面對(duì)前所未有的設(shè)計(jì)思維挑戰(zhàn)，例如高穩(wěn)定性電路與吵雜(noisy)性電路為鄰時(shí)，如果未將噪訊入侵高穩(wěn)定性電路的對(duì)策視為設(shè)計(jì)重點(diǎn)，事后反復(fù)的設(shè)計(jì)變更往往成為無(wú)解的夢(mèng)魘。模擬電路與高速數(shù)字電路混合設(shè)計(jì)也是如此，假設(shè)微小模擬信號(hào)增幅后再將full scale 5V的模擬信號(hào)，利用10bit A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信號(hào)，由于分割幅寬祇有4.9mV，因此要正確讀取該電壓level并非易事，結(jié)果造成10bit以上的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器面臨無(wú)法順利運(yùn)作的窘境。另一典型實(shí)例是使用示波器量測(cè)某數(shù)字電路基板兩點(diǎn)相隔10cm的ground電位，理論上ground電位應(yīng)該是零，然而實(shí)際上卻可觀測(cè)到4.9mV數(shù)倍甚至數(shù)十倍的脈沖噪訊(pulse noise)，如果該電位差是由模擬與數(shù)字混合電路的grand所造成的話，要測(cè)得4.9 mV的信號(hào)根本是不可能的事情，也就是說(shuō)為了使模擬與數(shù)字混合電路順利動(dòng)作，必需在封裝與電路設(shè)計(jì)有相對(duì)的對(duì)策，尤其是數(shù)字電路switching時(shí)，ground vance noise不會(huì)入侵analogue ground的防護(hù)對(duì)策，同時(shí)還需充分檢討各電路產(chǎn)生的電流回路(route)與電流大小，依此結(jié)果排除各種可能的干擾因素。以上介紹的實(shí)例都是設(shè)計(jì)模擬與數(shù)字混合電路時(shí)經(jīng)常遇到的瓶頸，如果是設(shè)計(jì)12bit以上A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器時(shí)，它的困難度會(huì)更加復(fù)雜。
標(biāo)簽： 數(shù)字 模擬電路 設(shè)計(jì)技巧
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-16
上傳用戶：731140412
本文將接續(xù)介紹電源與功率電路基板，以及數(shù)字電路基板導(dǎo)線設(shè)計(jì)。寬帶與高頻電路基板導(dǎo)線設(shè)計(jì)a.輸入阻抗1MHz，平滑性(flatness)50MHz 的OP增幅器電路基板圖26 是由FET 輸入的高速OP 增幅器OPA656 構(gòu)成的高輸入阻抗OP 增幅電路，它的gain取決于R1、R2，本電路圖的電路定數(shù)為2 倍。此外為改善平滑性特別追加設(shè)置可以加大噪訊gain，抑制gain-頻率特性高頻領(lǐng)域時(shí)峰值的R3。圖26 高輸入阻抗的寬帶OP增幅電路圖27 是高輸入阻抗OP 增幅器的電路基板圖案。降低高速OP 增幅器反相輸入端子與接地之間的浮游容量非常重要，所以本電路的浮游容量設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)低于0.5pF。如果上述部位附著大浮游容量的話，會(huì)成為高頻領(lǐng)域的頻率特性產(chǎn)生峰值的原因，嚴(yán)重時(shí)頻率甚至?xí)驗(yàn)閒eedback 阻抗與浮游容量，造成feedback 信號(hào)的位相延遲，最后導(dǎo)致頻率特性產(chǎn)生波動(dòng)現(xiàn)象。此外高輸入阻抗OP 增幅器輸入部位的浮游容量也逐漸成為問(wèn)題，圖27 的電路基板圖案的非反相輸入端子部位無(wú)full ground設(shè)計(jì)，如果有外部噪訊干擾之虞時(shí)，接地可設(shè)計(jì)成網(wǎng)格狀(mesh)。圖28 是根據(jù)圖26 制成的OP 增幅器Gain－頻率特性測(cè)試結(jié)果，由圖可知即使接近50MHz頻率特性非常平滑，-3dB cutoff頻率大約是133MHz。
標(biāo)簽： PCB
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-13
上傳用戶：hebanlian
We provide complete power solutions with a full lineup of power managementproducts. This brochure provides an overview of our high performance DC/DC switching regulatorcontrollers for applications including datacom, telecom, industrial, automotive, medical, avionicsand control systems. We make power design easier with our industry-leading field applicationengineering support; a broad selection of demonstration boards with schematics, layout filesand parts lists; SwitcherCAD® software for simulation, application notes and comprehensivetechnical documentation.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-15
上傳用戶：lz4v4
Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a new development thatallows for the delivery of power to Ethernet-based devicesvia standard Ethernet CAT5 cable, precluding the need forwall adapters or other external power sources. The PoEspecification defines a hardware detection protocol wherePower Sourcing Equipment (PSE) is able to identify PoEPowered Devices (PDs), thus allowing full backwardscompatibility with non-PoE-aware (legacy) Ethernetdevices.
標(biāo)簽： PoE 電池電路 擴(kuò)展 以太網(wǎng)供電
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-11
上傳用戶：daoyue
Piezoelectric motors are used in digital cameras for autofocus,zooming and optical image stabilization. Theyare relatively small, lightweight and effi cient, but theyalso require a complicated driving scheme. Traditionally,this challenge has been met with the use ofseparatecircuits, including a step-up converter and an oversizedgeneric full-bridge drive IC. The resulting high componentcount and large board space are especially problematicin the design of cameras for ever shrinking cell phones.The LT®3572 solves these problems by combining astep-up regulator and a dual full-bridge driver in a 4mm× 4mm QFN package. Figure 1 shows a typical LT3572Piezo motor drive circuit. A step-up converter is usedto generate 30V from a low voltage power source suchas a Li-Ion battery or any input power source within thepart’s wide input voltage range of 2.7V to 10V. The highoutput voltage of the step-up converter, adjustable upto 40V, is available for the drivers at the VOUT pin. Thedrivers operate in a full-bridge fashion, where the OUTAand OUTB pins are the same polarity as the PWMA andPWMB pins, respectively, and the OUTA and OUTB pinsare inverted from PWMA and PWMB, respectively. Thestep-up converter and both Piezo drivers have their ownshutdown control. Figure 2 shows a typical layout
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-18
上傳用戶：hulee
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work forpersonal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies arenot made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copiesbear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, torepublish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specificpermission.
標(biāo)簽： 數(shù)字電源
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-16
上傳用戶：dddddd
Features: High efficiency, high reliability, low cost AC input range selected by switch 100% full load burn-in test Protections: Short circuit / Over load Fixed switching frequency at 25KHz Cooling by free air convection 1 year warranty Dimensions: 199*98*38mm (L*W*H)
標(biāo)簽： Switchin Output Single SKS
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：taa123456
Keil C51是美國(guó)Keil Software公司出品的51系列兼容單片機(jī)C語(yǔ)言軟件開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)，與匯編相比，C語(yǔ)言在功能上、結(jié)構(gòu)性、可讀性、可維護(hù)性上有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)，因而易學(xué)易用。Keil提供了包括C編譯器、宏匯編、連接器、庫(kù)管理和一個(gè)功能強(qiáng)大的仿真調(diào)試器等在內(nèi)的完整開(kāi)發(fā)方案，通過(guò)一個(gè)集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境（uVision）將這些部分組合在一起。運(yùn)行Keil軟件需要WIN98、NT、WIN2000、WINXP等操作系統(tǒng)。如果你使用C語(yǔ)言編程，那么Keil幾乎就是你的不二之選，即使不使用C語(yǔ)言而僅用匯編語(yǔ)言編程，其方便易用的集成環(huán)境、強(qiáng)大的軟件仿真調(diào)試工具也會(huì)令你事半功倍。 解壓縮以后安裝，步驟如下： 1.打開(kāi)up51v706a.txt(本文件)記下安裝序列號(hào)。進(jìn)入setup目錄點(diǎn)擊setup.exe進(jìn)行安裝； 2.選擇Install Support....全新安裝，以前沒(méi)有安裝過(guò)或者放棄以前的序列號(hào)安裝; 選擇Update Current Installation升級(jí)安裝，將可以保持原來(lái)的序列號(hào)，不必再次輸入 3.選擇Full安裝，Next->Yes(接受版權(quán)信息)->選擇安裝目錄->Next->輸入序列號(hào)、姓名、公司 等，除了序列號(hào)以外，都隨意，可以如實(shí)輸入你的姓名等。->next-> ....直到安裝完成。 注意： 1.每次安裝都必須進(jìn)行這幾步，每次都需要重新寫入AddOn標(biāo)識(shí)； 2.假如安裝過(guò)程中存在病毒防火墻，可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生xcopy錯(cuò)誤使安裝失敗，此時(shí)請(qǐng)先 關(guān)閉病毒防火墻，然后再安裝; 3.安裝前必須退出正在運(yùn)行的Keil軟件，否則也會(huì)產(chǎn)生xcopy錯(cuò)誤使安裝失敗； 4.安裝過(guò)程中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)安裝Secrity Key錯(cuò)誤，點(diǎn)擊確定即可。 這組安裝碼可以使用keil C51軟件到2033年12月底，夠用了吧。 Ident = Y1DZKM (這個(gè)號(hào)碼已經(jīng)輸入在addon目錄下的文件中，你不必理會(huì)了) SN = K1DZP-5IUSH-A01UE *************************************** 0xfd漢字補(bǔ)丁已經(jīng)預(yù)先處理。安裝以后可以打開(kāi)工程\keil\c51\examples\0xfd\ee.uv2檢驗(yàn)
標(biāo)簽： keil 7.06 完全破解版 免費(fèi)下載
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-18
上傳用戶：takako_yang
為提高太陽(yáng)能的利用率，以ATmega8單片機(jī)為控制核心，設(shè)計(jì)了一套光電跟蹤與視日運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡跟蹤互補(bǔ)控制的雙軸太陽(yáng)跟蹤器。該跟蹤器在晴天時(shí)，利用光敏電阻采集光強(qiáng)判斷太陽(yáng)位置,控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)光電跟蹤；在陰天時(shí)，采集時(shí)鐘器件PCF8583的時(shí)間信息,計(jì)算當(dāng)前太陽(yáng)位置來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)視日運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡跟蹤。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明：該太陽(yáng)跟蹤器能在不同天氣狀況下對(duì)太陽(yáng)進(jìn)行較準(zhǔn)確地跟蹤，能量接收效率提高了30%，達(dá)到充分利用太陽(yáng)能的目的。 Abstract: To improve the utilization rate of solar energy，a kind of solar tracking controller which effectively combined the sun angle tracking and photo electric tracking based on ATmega8is designed.In the sunny days，the solar tracking con-troller determines the sun's position by using photosensitive resistances to collect light intensity and control stepper motors to achieve photo electric tracking，n cloudy days，it collects clock chip PCF8583time information to calculate the current position of the sun and achieve the sun angle tracking.Experimental results show the solar tracking controller accurately tracks the sun in different weather conditions，improves received energy efficiency by30%and reaches the purpose of full use of solar energy.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-15
上傳用戶：urgdil
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