WE consider the problem of target localization by a network of passive sensors. When an unknown target emits an acoustic or a radio signal, its position can be localized with multiple sensors using the time difference of arrival (TDOA) information. In this paper, WE consider the maximum likelihood formulation of this target localization problem and provide efficient convex relaxations for this nonconvex optimization problem.WE also propose a formulation for robust target localization in the presence of sensor location errors. Two Cramer-Rao bounds are derived corresponding to situations with and without sensor node location errors. Simulation results confirm the efficiency and superior performance of the convex relaxation approach as compared to the existing least squares based approach when large sensor node location errors are present.
標簽： 傳感器網絡
上傳時間： 2016-11-27
上傳用戶：xxmluo
// 學生管理.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); struct person { char name[10]; int ID; int cj_yw; int cj_sx; struct person* next; struct person* pro; }per; int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_MY, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY); // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return msg.wParam; } // // FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // // PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // // COMMENTS: // // This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code // to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx' // function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function // so that the application will get 'WEll formed' small icons associated // with it. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_MY; wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } // // FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int) // // PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // // COMMENTS: // // In this function, WE save the instance handle in a global variable and // create and display the main program window. // BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { HWND hWnd; hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; } ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); return TRUE; } // // FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG) // // PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window. // // WM_COMMAND - process the application menu // WM_PAINT - Paint the main window // WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING]; LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING); switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: wmId = LOWORD(wParam); wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam); // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT: DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About); break; case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code here... RECT rt; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt); DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } // Mesage handler for about box. LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL) { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return TRUE; } break; } return FALSE; }
上傳時間： 2016-12-29
上傳用戶：767483511
// 學生管理.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); struct person { char name[10]; int ID; int cj_yw; int cj_sx; struct person* next; struct person* pro; }per; int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_MY, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY); // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return msg.wParam; } // // FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // // PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // // COMMENTS: // // This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code // to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx' // function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function // so that the application will get 'WEll formed' small icons associated // with it. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_MY; wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } // // FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int) // // PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // // COMMENTS: // // In this function, WE save the instance handle in a global variable and // create and display the main program window. // BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { HWND hWnd; hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; } ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); return TRUE; } // // FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG) // // PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window. // // WM_COMMAND - process the application menu // WM_PAINT - Paint the main window // WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING]; LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING); switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: wmId = LOWORD(wParam); wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam); // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT: DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About); break; case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code here... RECT rt; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt); DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } // Mesage handler for about box. LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL) { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return TRUE; } break; } return FALSE; }
標簽： 學生 計算器
上傳時間： 2016-12-29
上傳用戶：767483511
/*================================================================= 4掃16*16下入上出C語言程序, 低位起筆，數據反相。 預定義 **************************************************************/ #include #include //可使用其中定義的宏來訪問絕對地址？ bit ture=1; // 使能正反相位選擇 bit false=0; // 使能反相 sbit SCK=P3^6; // EQU 0B6H ; 移位 sbit RCK=P3^5; //EQU 0B5H ; 并行鎖存 //sbit P1_3=P1^3; //外RAM擴展讀寫控制,不能重復申明 sbit EN1=P1^7; //BIT sbit FB=0xD8; // FB作為標志 sfr BUS_SPEED=0xA1; //訪問片外RAM速度設置寄存器 sfr P4SW=0xBB; //P4SW寄存器設置P4.4,P4.5,P4.6的功能 sfr P4=0xC0; // P4 EQU 0C0H sbit NC=P4^4; sbit CS=P4^6; //片選 sfr WDT_CONTR=0xC1; // 0C1H ;看門狗寄存器 sfr AUXR=0x8E; // EQU 08EH ;附件功能控制寄存器 sfr16 DPTR=0x82; sfr CLK_DIV=0x97 ; //時鐘分頻寄存器 const unsigned int code All_zk =256 ; // 0E11H ;原數據總字節 const unsigned int code am_zk =128 ; // 0E13H ;單幕數據量 const unsigned char code asp = 255; // asp數據相位字,如果是正相字，那么asp=0 bit basp=1; // asp數據相位字標記,如果是正相字，那么basp=0 const unsigned char code font[]= // 晶科電子LED數碼（反相字） {0xBD,0x81,0xEF,0xFF,0xBD,0x81,0xF7,0xFF,0xEF,0xEB,0x80,0x9F,0xEF,0x8F,0xEF,0xEF,0x7F,0x7B,0x7B,0x7F,0xBF,0xEF,0xEF,0xFF,0x7F,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x80,0xFE,0xFF, 0x81,0xBD,0x0F,0x0F,0x81,0xBD,0xF0,0xF0,0xEF,0xED,0xE7,0xE1,0xEF,0xE1,0xEE,0xEE,0x7F,0x7B,0x7B,0x7F,0xBF,0xEF,0xEF,0xFF,0x7F,0x7F,0x7F,0x03,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xF0, 0xBD,0x81,0xEF,0xEF,0xBD,0x81,0xF7,0xF7,0xEF,0x2E,0xC7,0xEF,0xEF,0xEE,0xED,0xED,0xFF,0x03,0x03,0x7F,0x80,0xE0,0xE0,0xFF,0x5F,0x7F,0x7F,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFB, 0xFF,0xBD,0xFF,0x0F,0xFF,0xBD,0xFF,0xF0,0xEF,0xEF,0xAB,0xEF,0xEF,0xEF,0xED,0xED,0xFF,0x7B,0x7B,0x03,0xFF,0xEF,0xEF,0xE0,0xBF,0x7F,0x7F,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xDF,0xFD, 0xBD,0xFD,0xFD,0xFF,0xBD,0xED,0xBD,0xFF,0xDD,0xBD,0xDD,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xCF,0xEF,0x00,0xEF,0xEB,0xEB,0x81,0xFB,0xC3,0xDA,0xF7,0xFF,0xDF,0xDF,0xEE,0xFF, 0x80,0xFD,0xFD,0xFF,0xC0,0xED,0xED,0xFF,0xE0,0xBD,0xBD,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xB3,0x00,0xC7,0x6D,0x8D,0xEB,0xDD,0xF3,0xDB,0xDB,0xFB,0x40,0xDF,0xDF,0xEE,0xE0, 0xFF,0xFD,0xFD,0xFF,0xFF,0xFD,0xED,0xFF,0xFF,0xBD,0xBD,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFC,0xB7,0x2B,0xAB,0xDE,0xF7,0xDD,0xFB,0xFB,0x5B,0xC3,0xF7,0xEB,0xD0,0xEE,0xEF, 0xFF,0xFD,0xFD,0xF8,0xFF,0xBD,0xE1,0xC0,0xFF,0xBD,0xBD,0xE0,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xD3,0xED,0xC7,0xFF,0xF7,0xDC,0xFB,0xFF,0xDB,0xD9,0xF7,0xF7,0xDF,0xC0,0xEE}; const unsigned char data xzL_data =0x08; //0603H;一幕一行字節數 const unsigned int data aL_data =0x20; //單幕單號線（單組線）數據量 const unsigned char data mov =0x03A ; //移動速度 const unsigned int data t_T =0x040A ; //0E0AH ; 05FAH; ;停留時間 const unsigned char data mu_num=0x02 ; //0602H ;幕數 unsigned int m; //m幕長變量<=am_zk unsigned char data_z; //數據寄存器 unsigned int xd; //數據指針寄存器 /*********************************************************************** 數據轉移子函數 ===============================================================*/ char MOVD() { unsigned char f,nm; //nm幕數控制 unsigned char code *dptr; unsigned char xdata *xdptr = 0; f = asp ; for (m=0; m
上傳時間： 2017-05-04
上傳用戶：sbfd010
Lithium–sulfur batteries are a promising energy-storage technology due to their relatively low cost and high theoretical energy density. HoWEver, one of their major technical problems is the shuttling of soluble polysulfides betWEen electrodes, resulting in rapid capacity fading. Here, WE present a metal–organic framework (MOF)-based battery separator to mitigate the shuttling problem. WE show that the MOF-based separator acts as an ionic sieve in lithium–sulfur batteries, which selectively sieves Li+ ions while e ciently suppressing undesired polysulfides migrating to the anode side. When a sulfur-containing mesoporous carbon material (approximately 70 wt% sulfur content) is used as a cathode composite without elaborate synthesis or surface modification, a lithium–sulfur battery with a MOF-based separator exhibits a low capacity decay rate (0.019% per cycle over 1,500 cycles). Moreover, there is almost no capacity fading after the initial 100 cycles. Our approach demonstrates the potential for MOF-based materials as separators for energy-storage applications.
上傳時間： 2017-11-23
上傳用戶：653357637
Reconstruction- and example-based super-resolution (SR) methods are promising for restoring a high-resolution (HR) image from low-resolution (LR) image(s). Under large magnification, reconstruction-based methods usually fail to hallucinate visual details while example-based methods sometimes introduce unexpected details. Given a generic LR image, to reconstruct a photo-realistic SR image and to suppress artifacts in the reconstructed SR image, WE introduce a multi-scale dictionary to a novel SR method that simultaneously integrates local and non-local priors. The local prior suppresses artifacts by using steering kernel regression to predict the target pixel from a small local area. The non-local prior enriches visual details by taking a WEighted average of a large neighborhood as an estimate of the target pixel. Essentially, these two priors are complementary to each other. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can produce high quality SR recovery both quantitatively and perceptually.
標簽： Super-resolution Multi-scale Dictionary Single Image for
上傳時間： 2019-03-28
上傳用戶：fullout
In this paper WE present a classifier called bi-density twin support vector machines (BDTWSVMs) for data classification. In the training stage, BDTWSVMs first compute the relative density degrees for all training points using the intra-class graph whose WEights are determined by a local scaling heuristic strategy, then optimize a pair of nonparallel hyperplanes through two smaller sized support vector machine (SVM)-typed problems. In the prediction stage, BDTWSVMs assign to the class label depending on the kernel density degree-based distances from each test point to the two hyperplanes. BDTWSVMs not only inherit good properties from twin support vector machines (TWSVMs) but also give good description for data points. The experimental results on toy as WEll as publicly available datasets indicate that BDTWSVMs compare favorably with classical SVMs and TWSVMs in terms of generalization
標簽： recognition Bi-density machines support pattern vector twin for
上傳時間： 2019-06-09
上傳用戶：lyaiqing
漢中路到了。開左邊門，下車請注意安全。WE are now at Hanzhong Road . Doors will open on the left。 本次列車終點站上海火車站。下一站終點站上海火車站，開左邊門。使用公交卡的乘客可在出站后30分鐘內換乘3號線、4號線，請注意換成列車的首末班車時間。打開metro大都會手機數碼乘地鐵。 Nest stop is the termina.station ShanghaiRailway station.Roors will open on the lift. 終點站上海火車站到了。開左邊門。下車請注意安全。請全體乘客下車。WE are now at the termina.station Shanghai Railway station Roors will open on the lift.
上傳時間： 2019-07-05
上傳用戶：coolmen
Smart Grids provide many benefits for society. Reliability, observability across the energy distribution system and the exchange of information betWEen devices are just some of the features that make Smart Grids so attractive. One of the main products of a Smart Grid is to data. The amount of data available nowadays increases fast and carries several kinds of information. Smart metres allow engineers to perform multiple measurements and analyse such data. For example, information about consumption, poWEr quality and digital protection, among others, can be extracted. HoWEver, the main challenge in extracting information from data arises from the data quality. In fact, many sectors of the society can benefit from such data. Hence, this information needs to be properly stored and readily available. In this chapter, WE will address the main concepts involving Technology Information, Data Mining, Big Data and clustering for deploying information on Smart Grids.
標簽： Processing Cities Smart Data in
上傳時間： 2020-05-23
上傳用戶：shancjb
Smart Grids provide many benefits for society. Reliability, observability across the energy distribution system and the exchange of information betWEen devices are just some of the features that make Smart Grids so attractive. One of the main products of a Smart Grid is to data. The amount of data available nowadays increases fast and carries several kinds of information. Smart metres allow engineers to perform multiple measurements and analyse such data. For example, information about consumption, poWEr quality and digital protection, among others, can be extracted. HoWEver, the main challenge in extracting information from data arises from the data quality. In fact, many sectors of the society can benefit from such data. Hence, this information needs to be properly stored and readily available. In this chapter, WE will address the main concepts involving Technology Information, Data Mining, Big Data and clustering for deploying information on Smart Grids.
標簽： Processing Cities Smart Data
上傳時間： 2020-05-25
上傳用戶：shancjb
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