Employing multiple transmit and receive antennas, namely using multi-input multi-output
(MIMO) systems, has proven to be a major breakthrough in providing reliable wireless
communication links. Since their invention in the mid-1990s, transmit diversity, achieved
through space-time coding, and spatial multiplexing schemes have been the focus of much
research in the area of wireless communications.
The genesis for this book was my involvement with the development of the
SystemView (now SystemVue) simulation program at Elanix, Inc. Over several
years of development, technical support, and seminars, several issues kept recur-
ring. One common question was, “How do you simulate (such and such)?” The sec-
ond set of issues was based on modern communication systems, and why particular
developers did what they did. This book is an attempt to gather these issues into a
single comprehensive source.
The rapid growth in mobile communications has led to an increasing demand for wide-
band high data rate communications services. In recent years, Distributed Antenna
Systems (DAS) has emerged as a promising candidate for future (beyond 3G or 4G)
mobile communications, as illustrated by projects such as FRAMES and FuTURE. The
architecture of DAS inherits and develops the concepts of pico- or micro-cell systems,
where multiple distributed antennas or access points (AP) are connected to and con-
trolled by a central unit.
Communication today is not as easy as it was in the past. Protecting numerous com-
munication services, which are operating in the same or adjacent communication
channels, has become increasingly challenging. Communication systems have to be
protected from both natural and manmade interference. Electromagnetic interfer-
ence can be radiated or conducted, intentional or unintentional.
The genesis for this book was my involvement with the development of the
SystemView (now SystemVue) simulation program at Elanix, Inc. Over several
years of development, technical support, and seminars, several issues kept recur-
ring. One common question was, “How do you simulate (such and such)?” The sec-
ond set of issues was based on modern communication systems, and why particular
developers did what they did. This book is an attempt to gather these issues into a
single comprehensive source.
Mobile telephone service (MTS) is a type of service where mobile radio tele-
phones connect people to the public switched telephone system (PSTN), to
other mobile telephones or to other communication systems (such as to the
Internet).
To meet the future demand for huge traffic volume of wireless data service, the research on the fifth generation
(5G) mobile communication systems has been undertaken in recent years. It is expected that the spectral and energy
efficiencies in 5G mobile communication systems should be ten-fold higher than the ones in the fourth generation
(4G) mobile communication systems. Therefore, it is important to further exploit the potential of spatial multiplexing
of multiple antennas. In the last twenty years, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques have been
considered as the key techniques to increase the capacity of wireless communication systems. When a large-scale
antenna array (which is also called massive MIMO) is equipped in a base-station, or a large number of distributed
antennas (which is also called large-scale distributed MIMO) are deployed, the spectral and energy efficiencies can
be further improved by using spatial domain multiple access. This paper provides an overview of massive MIMO
and large-scale distributed MIMO systems, including spectral efficiency analysis, channel state information (CSI)
acquisition, wireless transmission technology, and resource allocation.
There is a phenomenal burst of research activities in mobile cloud
computing systems, which extends cloud computing functions, ser-
vices, and results to the world of future mobile communications
applications, and the paradigm of cloud computing and virtualization
to mobile networks. Mobile applications demand greater resources
and improved interactivity for better user experience.
With the rapid growth of the wireless mobile applications, wireless voice has
begun to challenge wireline voice, whereas the desire to access e-mail, surf the
Web or download music (e.g., MP3) wirelessly is increasing for wireless data.
While second generation (2G) cellular wireless systems, such as cdmaOne1,
GSM2 and TDMA3, introduced digital technology to wireless cellular systems
to deal with the increasing demand for wireless applications, there is still the
need for more spectrally efficient technologies for two reasons. First, wireless
voice capacity is expected to continue to grow. Second, the introduction of
high-speed wireless data will require more bandwidth.
The family of recent wireless standards included the optional employment of Multiple-Input
Multiple-Output(MIMO)techniques.This was motivatedby the observationaccordingto the
classic Shannon–Hartley law that the achievable channel capacity increases logarithmically
with the transmit power. In contrast, the MIMO capacity increases linearly with the number
of transmit antennas, provided that the number of receive antennas is equal to the number
of transmit antennas. With the further proviso that the total transmit power is increased in
proportion to the number of transmit antennas, a linear capacity increase is achieved upon
increasing the transmit power, which justifies the spectacular success of MIMO systems.
