這一顆，我們學習如何讓跑馬燈自動按照我們預定的順序進行。這種控制在工控場合經常用到。這個程序里，我們預先定義了一個變化的順序speedcode，每跑一圈燈就根據預定設置的表格數據來決定下一圈的跑馬速度。這樣我們就實現了按照預定的順序自動變化運行。請看代碼：-----------------------------------#define uchar unsigned char //定義一下方便使用#define uint unsigned int#define ulong unsigned long#include <reg52.h> //包括一個52 標準內核的頭文件sbit P10 = P1^0; //頭文件中沒有定義的IO 就要自己來定義了sbit P11 = P1^1;sbit P12 = P1^2;sbit P13 = P1^3;bit ldelay=0; //長定時溢出標記,預置是0uchar speed=10; //設置一個變量保存跑馬燈的移動速度uchar code speedcode[10]={3,1,5,12,3,20,2,10,1,4}; //10 個預定義的速度char code dx516[3] _at_ 0x003b;//這是為了仿真設置的//可編程自動控制跑馬燈void main(void) // 主程序{uchar code ledp[4]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7};//預定的寫入P1 的值uchar ledi; //用來指示顯示順序uchar i;RCAP2H =0x10; //賦T2 的預置值0x1000，溢出30 次就是1 秒鐘RCAP2L =0x00;TR2=1; //啟動定時器ET2=1; //打開定時器2 中斷EA=1; //打開總中斷
上傳時間： 2013-11-20
上傳用戶：ming529
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.For input signals, which do not provide the required rise/fall times, external circuitry mustbe used to shape the signal transitions.In the attached diagram, the effect of the sample rate is shown. The numbers 1 to 5 in thediagram represent possible sample points. Waveform a) shows the result if the inputsignal transition time through the undefined TTL-level area is less than the time distancebetween the sample points (sampling at 1, 2, 3, and 4). Waveform b) can be the result ifthe sampling is performed more than once within the undefined area (sampling at 1, 2, 5,3, and 4).Sample points:1. Evaluation of the signal clearly results in a low level2. Either a low or a high level can be sampled here. If low is sampled, no transition willbe detected. If the sample results in a high level, a transition is detected, and anappropriate action (e.g. capture) might take place.3. Evaluation here clearly results in a high level. If the previous sample 2) had alreadydetected a high, there is no change. If the previous sample 2) showed a low, atransition from low to high is detected now.
上傳時間： 2013-10-23
上傳用戶：copu
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.
上傳時間： 2014-04-02
上傳用戶：han_zh
//遙控解碼子程序，LC7461，用戶碼為11C//external interrupt0void isr_4(){ unsigned char r_count;//定義解碼的個數 unsigned long use_data=0;//定義16位的用戶碼，只用到13位 unsigned long use_code=0;//定義16位的用戶反碼，只用到13位 unsigned long data=0;//定義16位數據碼，包括8位數據碼和反碼 unsigned char data_h=0;//數據反碼 unsigned char data_l=0;//數據碼 _clrwdt();// _delay(7000);//7461解碼，延時7000// _delay(7000);//7461解碼，延時7000//_delay(7000);//7461解碼，延時7000 if(remote==1) goto error; while(remote==0);//wait to high //_delay(9744);count_delay=0; while(count_delay<143); if(remote==1) goto error; /////用戶碼解碼use_data//////////add////////////////////////// for(r_count=13;r_count>0;r_count--) { while(remote==0);//wait to high count_delay=0; while(count_delay<24);//_delay(1680); _c=remote; if(_c==1) { _lrrc(&use_data); count_delay=0; while(count_delay<32);//_delay(2200);//wait to low } else _lrrc(&use_data); } _nop(); //if(remote==1) //_delay(1680);//wait to low while(remote==1);//wait to low _nop(); ////////用戶碼解碼finish/////////add/////////add//////// /////用戶碼反碼解碼use_code//////////add////////////////////////// for(r_count=13;r_count>0;r_count--) { while(remote==0);//wait to high count_delay=0; while(count_delay<24);//_delay(1680); _c=remote; if(_c==1) { _lrrc(&use_code); count_delay=0; while(count_delay<32);//_delay(2200);//wait to low } else _lrrc(&use_code); } _nop(); //if(remote==1) // _delay(1680);//wait to low while(remote==1);//wait to low _nop(); ////////用戶碼反碼解碼finish/////////add/////////add//////// ////數據碼解碼開始////data_l為用戶碼，data_h為數據碼反碼//////////// for(r_count=16;r_count>0;r_count--) { while(remote==0);//wait to high count_delay=0; while(count_delay<24);//_delay(1680); _c=remote; if(_c==1) { _lrrc(&data); count_delay=0; while(count_delay<32);//_delay(2200);//wait to low } else _lrrc(&data); } ////數據碼解碼結束//////////////////////////////////////////////// data_l=data; data_h=data>>8; ///用戶碼////// use_data>>=3; use_code>>=3; use_code=~use_code; //////// ////如果用戶碼等與0x11c并且數據碼和數據反碼都校驗一致，解碼成功 //if((~data_h==data_l)&&use_data==0x11c)//使用用戶碼 //跳過用戶碼 if(~data_h==data_l)//如果數據碼和數據反碼（取反后）相等，解碼正確 { _nop(); r_data=data_l;//r_data為解出的最終數據碼 } //否則解碼不成功 _nop(); _nop();error: //r_data=nocode; _nop(); _nop(); _nop();}
上傳時間： 2014-03-27
上傳用戶：shenlan
16 16點陣顯示漢字原理及顯示程序 #include "config.h" #define DOTLED_LINE_PORT PORTB #define DOTLED_LINE_DDR DDRB #define DOTLED_LINE_PIN PINB #define DOTLED_LINE_SCKT PB1 #define DOTLED_LINE_SCKH PB5 #define DOTLED_LINE_SDA PB3 #define DOTLED_ROW_PORT PORTC #define DOTLED_ROW_DDR DDRC #define DOTLED_ROW_PIN PINC #define DOTLED_ROW_A0 PC0 #define DOTLED_ROW_A1 PC1 #define DOTLED_ROW_A2 PC2 #define DOTLED_ROW_A3 PC3 #define DOTLED_ROW_E PC4 uint8 font[] = { /*-- 調入了一幅圖像：這是您新建的圖像 --*/ /*-- 寬度x高度=16x16 --*/ 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x38,0x18,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10, 0x08,0x20,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x3E,0x7C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 }; static void TransmitByte(uint8 byte); static void SelectRow(uint8 row); static void FlipLatchLine(void); static void TransmitByte(uint8 byte) { uint8 i; for(i = 0 ; i < 8 ; i ++) { if(byte & (1 << i)) { DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); } else { DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); } //__delay_cycles(100); DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH); //__delay_cycles(100); DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH); //__delay_cycles(100); } } static void SelectRow(uint8 row) { //row -= 1; row |= DOTLED_ROW_PIN & 0xe0; DOTLED_ROW_PORT = row; } static void FlipLatchLine(void) { DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT); DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT); } void InitDotLedPort(void) { DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~(_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT) | _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH)); DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); DOTLED_LINE_DDR |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT) | _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH) | _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); DOTLED_ROW_PORT |= 0x1f; DOTLED_ROW_PORT &= 0xf0; DOTLED_ROW_DDR |= 0x1f; } void EnableRow(boolean IsEnable) { if(IsEnable) { DOTLED_ROW_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_ROW_E); } else { DOTLED_ROW_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_ROW_E); } } void PrintDotLed(uint8 * buffer) { uint8 i , tmp; for(i = 0 ; i < 16 ; i ++) { tmp = *buffer ++; TransmitByte(~tmp); tmp = *buffer ++; TransmitByte(~tmp); SelectRow(i); FlipLatchLine(); } } void main(void) { InitDotLedPort(); EnableRow(TRUE); while(1) { PrintDotLed(font); __delay_cycles(5000); } } //---------------------------------------------------- config.h文件 #ifndef _CONFIG_H #define _CONFIG_H //#define GCCAVR #define CPU_CYCLES 7372800L #ifndef GCCAVR #define _BV(bit) (1 << (bit)) #endif #define MSB 0x80 #define LSB 0x01 #define FALSE 0 #define TRUE 1 typedef unsigned char uint8; typedef unsigned int uint16; typedef unsigned long uint32; typedef unsigned char boolean; #include <ioavr.h> #include <inavr.h> #include "dotled.h" #endif //-----
上傳時間： 2013-11-18
上傳用戶：mnacyf
There has long been a need for portable ultrasoundsystems that have good resolution at affordable costpoints. Portable systems enable healthcare providersto use ultrasound in remote locations such asdisaster zones, developing regions, and battlefields,where it was not previously practical to do so.
上傳時間： 2013-10-26
上傳用戶：liulinshan2010
According to CIBC World Markets, Equity Research, theFlat Panel Display (FPD) industry has achieved sufficientcritical mass for its growth to explode. Thus, it can nowattract the right blend of capital investments and R&Dresources to drive technical innovation toward continuousimprovement in view quality, manufacturing efficiency,and system integration. These in turn are sustainingconsumer interest, penetration, revenue growth, and thepotential for increasing long-term profitability for industryparticipants. CIBC believes that three essential conditionsare now converging to drive the market forward
上傳時間： 2013-10-18
上傳用戶：日光微瀾
在研究傳統家用燃氣報警器的基礎上，以ZigBee協議為平臺，構建mesh網狀網絡實現網絡化的智能語音報警系統。由于傳感器本身的溫度和實際環境溫度的影響，傳感器標定后采用軟件補償方法。為了減少系統費用，前端節點采用半功能節點設備，路由器和協調器采用全功能節點設備，構建mesh網絡所形成的家庭內部報警系統，通過通用的電話接口連接到外部的公用電話網絡，啟動語音模塊進行報警。實驗結果表明，在2.4 GHz頻率下傳輸，有墻等障礙物的情況下，節點的傳輸距離大約為35 m，能夠滿足家庭需要，且系統工作穩定，但在功耗方面仍需進一步改善。 Abstract: On the basis of studying traditional household gas alarm system, this paper proposed the platform for the ZigBee protocol，and constructed mesh network to achieve network-based intelligent voice alarm system. Because of the sensor temperature and the actual environment temperature, this system design used software compensation after calibrating sensor. In order to reduce system cost, semi-functional node devices were used as front-end node, however, full-function devices were used as routers and coordinator，constructed alarm system within the family by building mesh network，connected to the external public telephone network through the common telephone interface, started the voice alarm module. The results indicate that nodes transmit about 35m in the distance in case of walls and other obstacles by 2.4GHz frequency transmission, this is able to meet family needs and work steadily, but still needs further improvement in power consumption.
上傳時間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：swaylong
1.1 我如何決定使用那種整數類型？ 如果需要大數值(大于32, 767 或小于¡32, 767), 使用long 型。否則, 如果空間很重要(如有大數組或很多結構), 使用short 型。除此之外, 就使用int 型。如果嚴格定義的溢出特征很重要而負值無關緊要, 或者你希望在操作二進制位和字節時避免符號擴展的問題, 請使用對應的無符號類型。但是, 要注意在表達式中混用有符號和無符號值的情況。
上傳時間： 2013-11-22
上傳用戶：ming529
非常好用的西門子授權PLC300編程軟件的注機軟件,一個工程師傳出來的。步驟：安裝好Step7V5.4后安裝授權:執行Simatic_EKB_InstallSim_EKB_Install_2007_02 _02→Find Key→Select > (打√全部選中) →long key →選擇右下角√，然后要等 十來秒鐘才有一點反應，就授權成功了。我試驗成功，跟大家分享一下。。。
上傳時間： 2014-01-20
上傳用戶：xiaowei314
