本文將探討微控制器與 PSoC (可編程系統(tǒng)單晶片)在數(shù)位電視應(yīng)用上的設(shè)計(jì)挑戰(zhàn)，並比較微控制器和 PSoC 架構(gòu)在處理這些挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)的不同處，以有效地建置執(zhí)行。
標(biāo)簽： PSoC MCU 比較 數(shù)位電視
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-22
上傳用戶：gengxiaochao
本技術(shù)文章將介紹如何運(yùn)用 NI LabVIEW FPGA 來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)並客製化個(gè)人的 RF 儀器，同時(shí)探索軟體設(shè)計(jì)儀器可為測(cè)試系統(tǒng)所提供的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-24
上傳用戶：toyoad
根據(jù)傳輸點(diǎn)模數(shù)的不同，光纖可分為單模光纖和多模光纖。所謂"模"是指以一定角速度進(jìn)入光纖的一束光。單模光纖采用固體激光器做光源，多模光纖則采用發(fā)光二極管做光源。多模光纖允許多束光在光纖中同時(shí)傳播，從而形成模分散(因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)“模”光進(jìn)入光纖的角度不同它們到達(dá)另一端點(diǎn)的時(shí)間也不同，這種特征稱為模分散。)，模分散技術(shù)限制了多模光纖的帶寬和距離，因此，多模光纖的芯線粗，傳輸速度低、距離短，整體的傳輸性能差，但其成本比較低，一般用于建筑物內(nèi)或地理位置相鄰的環(huán)境下。單模光纖只能允許一束光傳播，所以單模光纖沒(méi)有模分散特性，因而，單模光纖的纖芯相應(yīng)較細(xì)，傳輸頻帶寬、容量大，傳輸距離長(zhǎng)，但因其需要激光源，成本較高。
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：wsq921779565
1 緒論 6 1.1 加速器 6 1.2 粒子和射線 6 1.3 加速器的分類 8 1.4 加速器的用途 9 1.5 加速器的一般構(gòu)成 11 1.6 加速器的主要指標(biāo) 12 2 電子直線加速器概述 15 2.1 電子直線加速器的一般構(gòu)成 15 2.2 高頻行波電場(chǎng)的加速作用 17 2.3 電子在加速過(guò)程中速度變化規(guī)律 21 2.4 同步加速條件 23 3 相對(duì)論效應(yīng)修正 26 3.1 電子速度的相對(duì)論效應(yīng) 26 3.2 電子質(zhì)量的相對(duì)論效應(yīng) 27 3.3 相對(duì)論的質(zhì)能關(guān)系定律及速度修正系數(shù) 29 3.4 計(jì)及質(zhì)量變化引起的修正 32 3.5 計(jì)及電子束本身磁場(chǎng)效應(yīng)的修正 35
標(biāo)簽： 電子學(xué)
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-21
上傳用戶：Breathe0125
附件是一款PCB阻抗匹配計(jì)算工具，點(diǎn)擊CITS25.exe直接打開(kāi)使用，無(wú)需安裝。附件還帶有PCB連板的一些計(jì)算方法，連板的排法和PCB聯(lián)板的設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)。 PCB設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)建議: 1.一般連板長(zhǎng)寬比率為1：1~2.5：1,同時(shí)注意For FuJi Machine:a.最大進(jìn)板尺寸為:450*350mm, 2.針對(duì)有金手指的部分,板邊處需作掏空處理,建議不作為連板的部位. 3.連板方向以同一方向?yàn)閮?yōu)先,考量對(duì)稱防呆,特殊情況另作處理. 4.連板掏空長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)板長(zhǎng)度的1/2時(shí),需加補(bǔ)強(qiáng)邊. 5.陰陽(yáng)板的設(shè)計(jì)需作特殊考量. 6.工藝邊需根據(jù)實(shí)際需要作設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)整,軌道邊一般不少於6mm,實(shí)際中需考量板邊零件的排布,軌道設(shè)備正?？▔壕嚯x為不少於3mm,及符合實(shí)際要求下的連板經(jīng)濟(jì)性. 7.FIDUCIAL MARK或稱光學(xué)定位點(diǎn),一般設(shè)計(jì)在對(duì)角處,為2個(gè)或4個(gè),同時(shí)MARK點(diǎn)面需平整,無(wú)氧化,脫落現(xiàn)象;定位孔設(shè)計(jì)在板邊,為對(duì)稱設(shè)計(jì),一般為4個(gè),直徑為3mm,公差為±0.01inch. 8.V-cut深度需根據(jù)連板大小及基板板厚考量,角度建議為不少於45°. 9.連板設(shè)計(jì)的同時(shí),需基於基板的分板方式考量<人工(治具)還是使用分板設(shè)備>. 10.使用針孔(郵票孔)聯(lián)接：需請(qǐng)考慮斷裂后的毛刺,及是否影響COB工序的Bonding機(jī)上的夾具穩(wěn)定工作,還應(yīng)考慮是否有無(wú)影響插件過(guò)軌道,及是否影響裝配組裝.
標(biāo)簽： PCB 阻抗匹配 計(jì)算工具 教程
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-12-31
上傳用戶：sunshine1402
附件是一款PCB阻抗匹配計(jì)算工具，點(diǎn)擊CITS25.exe直接打開(kāi)使用，無(wú)需安裝。附件還帶有PCB連板的一些計(jì)算方法，連板的排法和PCB聯(lián)板的設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)。 PCB設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)建議: 1.一般連板長(zhǎng)寬比率為1：1~2.5：1,同時(shí)注意For FuJi Machine:a.最大進(jìn)板尺寸為:450*350mm, 2.針對(duì)有金手指的部分,板邊處需作掏空處理,建議不作為連板的部位. 3.連板方向以同一方向?yàn)閮?yōu)先,考量對(duì)稱防呆,特殊情況另作處理. 4.連板掏空長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)板長(zhǎng)度的1/2時(shí),需加補(bǔ)強(qiáng)邊. 5.陰陽(yáng)板的設(shè)計(jì)需作特殊考量. 6.工藝邊需根據(jù)實(shí)際需要作設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)整,軌道邊一般不少於6mm,實(shí)際中需考量板邊零件的排布,軌道設(shè)備正?？▔壕嚯x為不少於3mm,及符合實(shí)際要求下的連板經(jīng)濟(jì)性. 7.FIDUCIAL MARK或稱光學(xué)定位點(diǎn),一般設(shè)計(jì)在對(duì)角處,為2個(gè)或4個(gè),同時(shí)MARK點(diǎn)面需平整,無(wú)氧化,脫落現(xiàn)象;定位孔設(shè)計(jì)在板邊,為對(duì)稱設(shè)計(jì),一般為4個(gè),直徑為3mm,公差為±0.01inch. 8.V-cut深度需根據(jù)連板大小及基板板厚考量,角度建議為不少於45°. 9.連板設(shè)計(jì)的同時(shí),需基於基板的分板方式考量<人工(治具)還是使用分板設(shè)備>. 10.使用針孔(郵票孔)聯(lián)接：需請(qǐng)考慮斷裂后的毛刺,及是否影響COB工序的Bonding機(jī)上的夾具穩(wěn)定工作,還應(yīng)考慮是否有無(wú)影響插件過(guò)軌道,及是否影響裝配組裝.
標(biāo)簽： PCB 阻抗匹配 計(jì)算工具 教程
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-15
上傳用戶：3294322651
ORCAD基本問(wèn)題的集成束
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-15
上傳用戶：colinal
PCB Layout Rule Rev1.70, 規(guī)範(fàn)內(nèi)容如附件所示, 其中分為: (1) ”PCB LAYOUT 基本規(guī)範(fàn)”:為R&D Layout時(shí)必須遵守的事項(xiàng), 否則SMT,DIP,裁板時(shí)無(wú)法生產(chǎn). (2) “錫偷LAYOUT RULE建議規(guī)範(fàn)”: 加適合的錫偷可降低短路及錫球. (3) “PCB LAYOUT 建議規(guī)範(fàn)”:為製造單位為提高量產(chǎn)良率,建議R&D在design階段即加入PCB Layout. (4) ”零件選用建議規(guī)範(fàn)”: Connector零件在未來(lái)應(yīng)用逐漸廣泛, 又是SMT生產(chǎn)時(shí)是偏移及置件不良的主因,故製造希望R&D及採(cǎi)購(gòu)在購(gòu)買異形零件時(shí)能顧慮製造的需求, 提高自動(dòng)置件的比例.
標(biāo)簽： LAYOUT PCB 設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-03
上傳用戶：tzl1975
現(xiàn)代的電子設(shè)計(jì)和芯片制造技術(shù)正在飛速發(fā)展，電子產(chǎn)品的復(fù)雜度、時(shí)鐘和總線頻率等等都呈快速上升趨勢(shì)，但系統(tǒng)的電壓卻不斷在減小，所有的這一切加上產(chǎn)品投放市場(chǎng)的時(shí)間要求給設(shè)計(jì)師帶來(lái)了前所未有的巨大壓力。要想保證產(chǎn)品的一次性成功就必須能預(yù)見(jiàn)設(shè)計(jì)中可能出現(xiàn)的各種問(wèn)題，并及時(shí)給出合理的解決方案，對(duì)于高速的數(shù)字電路來(lái)說(shuō)，最令人頭大的莫過(guò)于如何確保瞬時(shí)跳變的數(shù)字信號(hào)通過(guò)較長(zhǎng)的一段傳輸線，還能完整地被接收，并保證良好的電磁兼容性，這就是目前頗受關(guān)注的信號(hào)完整性（SI）問(wèn)題。本章就是圍繞信號(hào)完整性的問(wèn)題，讓大家對(duì)高速電路有個(gè)基本的認(rèn)識(shí)，并介紹一些相關(guān)的基本概念。 第一章 高速數(shù)字電路概述.....................................................................................51.1 何為高速電路...............................................................................................51.2 高速帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題及設(shè)計(jì)流程剖析...............................................................61.3 相關(guān)的一些基本概念...................................................................................8第二章 傳輸線理論...............................................................................................122.1 分布式系統(tǒng)和集總電路.............................................................................122.2 傳輸線的RLCG 模型和電報(bào)方程...............................................................132.3 傳輸線的特征阻抗.....................................................................................142.3.1 特性阻抗的本質(zhì).................................................................................142.3.2 特征阻抗相關(guān)計(jì)算.............................................................................152.3.3 特性阻抗對(duì)信號(hào)完整性的影響.........................................................172.4 傳輸線電報(bào)方程及推導(dǎo).............................................................................182.5 趨膚效應(yīng)和集束效應(yīng).................................................................................232.6 信號(hào)的反射.................................................................................................252.6.1 反射機(jī)理和電報(bào)方程.........................................................................252.6.2 反射導(dǎo)致信號(hào)的失真問(wèn)題.................................................................302.6.2.1 過(guò)沖和下沖.....................................................................................302.6.2.2 振蕩：.............................................................................................312.6.3 反射的抑制和匹配.............................................................................342.6.3.1 串行匹配.........................................................................................352.6.3.1 并行匹配.........................................................................................362.6.3.3 差分線的匹配.................................................................................392.6.3.4 多負(fù)載的匹配.................................................................................41第三章 串?dāng)_的分析...............................................................................................423.1 串?dāng)_的基本概念.........................................................................................423.2 前向串?dāng)_和后向串?dāng)_.................................................................................433.3 后向串?dāng)_的反射.........................................................................................463.4 后向串?dāng)_的飽和.........................................................................................463.5 共模和差模電流對(duì)串?dāng)_的影響.................................................................483.6 連接器的串?dāng)_問(wèn)題.....................................................................................513.7 串?dāng)_的具體計(jì)算.........................................................................................543.8 避免串?dāng)_的措施.........................................................................................57第四章 EMI 抑制....................................................................................................604.1 EMI/EMC 的基本概念..................................................................................604.2 EMI 的產(chǎn)生..................................................................................................614.2.1 電壓瞬變.............................................................................................614.2.2 信號(hào)的回流.........................................................................................624.2.3 共模和差摸EMI ..................................................................................634.3 EMI 的控制..................................................................................................654.3.1 屏蔽.....................................................................................................654.3.1.1 電場(chǎng)屏蔽.........................................................................................654.3.1.2 磁場(chǎng)屏蔽.........................................................................................674.3.1.3 電磁場(chǎng)屏蔽.....................................................................................674.3.1.4 電磁屏蔽體和屏蔽效率.................................................................684.3.2 濾波.....................................................................................................714.3.2.1 去耦電容.........................................................................................714.3.2.3 磁性元件.........................................................................................734.3.3 接地.....................................................................................................744.4 PCB 設(shè)計(jì)中的EMI.......................................................................................754.4.1 傳輸線RLC 參數(shù)和EMI ........................................................................764.4.2 疊層設(shè)計(jì)抑制EMI ..............................................................................774.4.3 電容和接地過(guò)孔對(duì)回流的作用.........................................................784.4.4 布局和走線規(guī)則.................................................................................79第五章 電源完整性理論基礎(chǔ)...............................................................................825.1 電源噪聲的起因及危害.............................................................................825.2 電源阻抗設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................................855.3 同步開(kāi)關(guān)噪聲分析.....................................................................................875.3.1 芯片內(nèi)部開(kāi)關(guān)噪聲.............................................................................885.3.2 芯片外部開(kāi)關(guān)噪聲.............................................................................895.3.3 等效電感衡量SSN ..............................................................................905.4 旁路電容的特性和應(yīng)用.............................................................................925.4.1 電容的頻率特性.................................................................................935.4.3 電容的介質(zhì)和封裝影響.....................................................................955.4.3 電容并聯(lián)特性及反諧振.....................................................................955.4.4 如何選擇電容.....................................................................................975.4.5 電容的擺放及Layout ........................................................................99第六章 系統(tǒng)時(shí)序.................................................................................................1006.1 普通時(shí)序系統(tǒng)...........................................................................................1006.1.1 時(shí)序參數(shù)的確定...............................................................................1016.1.2 時(shí)序約束條件...................................................................................1066.2 源同步時(shí)序系統(tǒng).......................................................................................1086.2.1 源同步系統(tǒng)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)...................................................................1096.2.2 源同步時(shí)序要求...............................................................................110第七章 IBIS 模型................................................................................................1137.1 IBIS 模型的由來(lái)...................................................................................... 1137.2 IBIS 與SPICE 的比較.............................................................................. 1137.3 IBIS 模型的構(gòu)成...................................................................................... 1157.4 建立IBIS 模型......................................................................................... 1187.4 使用IBIS 模型......................................................................................... 1197.5 IBIS 相關(guān)工具及鏈接..............................................................................120第八章 高速設(shè)計(jì)理論在實(shí)際中的運(yùn)用.............................................................1228.1 疊層設(shè)計(jì)方案...........................................................................................1228.2 過(guò)孔對(duì)信號(hào)傳輸?shù)挠绊?..........................................................................1278.3 一般布局規(guī)則...........................................................................................1298.4 接地技術(shù)...................................................................................................1308.5 PCB 走線策略............................................................................................134
標(biāo)簽： 信號(hào)完整性
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-01
上傳用戶：xitai
第一部分 信號(hào)完整性知識(shí)基礎(chǔ).................................................................................5第一章 高速數(shù)字電路概述.....................................................................................51.1 何為高速電路...............................................................................................51.2 高速帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題及設(shè)計(jì)流程剖析...............................................................61.3 相關(guān)的一些基本概念...................................................................................8第二章 傳輸線理論...............................................................................................122.1 分布式系統(tǒng)和集總電路.............................................................................122.2 傳輸線的RLCG 模型和電報(bào)方程...............................................................132.3 傳輸線的特征阻抗.....................................................................................142.3.1 特性阻抗的本質(zhì).................................................................................142.3.2 特征阻抗相關(guān)計(jì)算.............................................................................152.3.3 特性阻抗對(duì)信號(hào)完整性的影響.........................................................172.4 傳輸線電報(bào)方程及推導(dǎo).............................................................................182.5 趨膚效應(yīng)和集束效應(yīng).................................................................................232.6 信號(hào)的反射.................................................................................................252.6.1 反射機(jī)理和電報(bào)方程.........................................................................252.6.2 反射導(dǎo)致信號(hào)的失真問(wèn)題.................................................................302.6.2.1 過(guò)沖和下沖.....................................................................................302.6.2.2 振蕩：.............................................................................................312.6.3 反射的抑制和匹配.............................................................................342.6.3.1 串行匹配.........................................................................................352.6.3.1 并行匹配.........................................................................................362.6.3.3 差分線的匹配.................................................................................392.6.3.4 多負(fù)載的匹配.................................................................................41第三章 串?dāng)_的分析...............................................................................................423.1 串?dāng)_的基本概念.........................................................................................423.2 前向串?dāng)_和后向串?dāng)_.................................................................................433.3 后向串?dāng)_的反射.........................................................................................463.4 后向串?dāng)_的飽和.........................................................................................463.5 共模和差模電流對(duì)串?dāng)_的影響.................................................................483.6 連接器的串?dāng)_問(wèn)題.....................................................................................513.7 串?dāng)_的具體計(jì)算.........................................................................................543.8 避免串?dāng)_的措施.........................................................................................57第四章 EMI 抑制....................................................................................................604.1 EMI/EMC 的基本概念..................................................................................604.2 EMI 的產(chǎn)生..................................................................................................614.2.1 電壓瞬變.............................................................................................614.2.2 信號(hào)的回流.........................................................................................624.2.3 共模和差摸EMI ..................................................................................634.3 EMI 的控制..................................................................................................654.3.1 屏蔽.....................................................................................................654.3.1.1 電場(chǎng)屏蔽.........................................................................................654.3.1.2 磁場(chǎng)屏蔽.........................................................................................674.3.1.3 電磁場(chǎng)屏蔽.....................................................................................674.3.1.4 電磁屏蔽體和屏蔽效率.................................................................684.3.2 濾波.....................................................................................................714.3.2.1 去耦電容.........................................................................................714.3.2.3 磁性元件.........................................................................................734.3.3 接地.....................................................................................................744.4 PCB 設(shè)計(jì)中的EMI.......................................................................................754.4.1 傳輸線RLC 參數(shù)和EMI ........................................................................764.4.2 疊層設(shè)計(jì)抑制EMI ..............................................................................774.4.3 電容和接地過(guò)孔對(duì)回流的作用.........................................................784.4.4 布局和走線規(guī)則.................................................................................79第五章 電源完整性理論基礎(chǔ)...............................................................................825.1 電源噪聲的起因及危害.............................................................................825.2 電源阻抗設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................................855.3 同步開(kāi)關(guān)噪聲分析.....................................................................................875.3.1 芯片內(nèi)部開(kāi)關(guān)噪聲.............................................................................885.3.2 芯片外部開(kāi)關(guān)噪聲.............................................................................895.3.3 等效電感衡量SSN ..............................................................................905.4 旁路電容的特性和應(yīng)用.............................................................................925.4.1 電容的頻率特性.................................................................................935.4.3 電容的介質(zhì)和封裝影響.....................................................................955.4.3 電容并聯(lián)特性及反諧振.....................................................................955.4.4 如何選擇電容.....................................................................................975.4.5 電容的擺放及Layout ........................................................................99第六章 系統(tǒng)時(shí)序.................................................................................................1006.1 普通時(shí)序系統(tǒng)...........................................................................................1006.1.1 時(shí)序參數(shù)的確定...............................................................................1016.1.2 時(shí)序約束條件...................................................................................1063.2 高速設(shè)計(jì)的問(wèn)題.......................................................................................2093.3 SPECCTRAQuest SI Expert 的組件.......................................................2103.3.1 SPECCTRAQuest Model Integrity .................................................2103.3.2 SPECCTRAQuest Floorplanner/Editor .........................................2153.3.3 Constraint Manager .......................................................................2163.3.4 SigXplorer Expert Topology Development Environment .......2233.3.5 SigNoise 仿真子系統(tǒng)......................................................................2253.3.6 EMControl .........................................................................................2303.3.7 SPECCTRA Expert 自動(dòng)布線器.......................................................2303.4 高速設(shè)計(jì)的大致流程...............................................................................2303.4.1 拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的探索...............................................................................2313.4.2 空間解決方案的探索.......................................................................2313.4.3 使用拓?fù)淠０弪?qū)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)...................................................................2313.4.4 時(shí)序驅(qū)動(dòng)布局...................................................................................2323.4.5 以約束條件驅(qū)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì).......................................................................2323.4.6 設(shè)計(jì)后分析.......................................................................................233第四章 SPECCTRAQUEST SIGNAL EXPLORER 的進(jìn)階運(yùn)用..........................................2344.1 SPECCTRAQuest Signal Explorer 的功能包括：................................2344.2 圖形化的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)探索...........................................................................2344.3 全面的信號(hào)完整性(Signal Integrity)分析.......................................2344.4 完全兼容 IBIS 模型...............................................................................2344.5 PCB 設(shè)計(jì)前和設(shè)計(jì)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)提取.......................................................2354.6 仿真設(shè)置顧問(wèn)...........................................................................................2354.7 改變?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的管理.......................................................................................2354.8 關(guān)鍵技術(shù)特點(diǎn)...........................................................................................2364.8.1 拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)探索...................................................................................2364.8.2 SigWave 波形顯示器........................................................................2364.8.3 集成化的在線分析(Integration and In-process Analysis) .236第五章 部分特殊的運(yùn)用...............................................................................2375.1 Script 指令的使用..................................................................................2375.2 差分信號(hào)的仿真.......................................................................................2435.3 眼圖模式的使用.......................................................................................249第四部分：HYPERLYNX 仿真工具使用指南............................................................251第一章 使用LINESIM 進(jìn)行前仿真.......................................................................2511.1 用LineSim 進(jìn)行仿真工作的基本方法...................................................2511.2 處理信號(hào)完整性原理圖的具體問(wèn)題.......................................................2591.3 在LineSim 中如何對(duì)傳輸線進(jìn)行設(shè)置...................................................2601.4 在LineSim 中模擬IC 元件.....................................................................2631.5 在LineSim 中進(jìn)行串?dāng)_仿真...................................................................268第二章 使用BOARDSIM 進(jìn)行后仿真......................................................................2732.1 用BOARDSIM 進(jìn)行后仿真工作的基本方法...................................................2732.2 BoardSim 的進(jìn)一步介紹..........................................................................2922.3 BoardSim 中的串?dāng)_仿真..........................................................................309
標(biāo)簽： PCB 內(nèi)存 仿真技術(shù)
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-07
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